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Hypertension Profile

Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) – Your Silent Risk

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is considered the most common cause of secondary hypertension, with an overall prevalence of approximately 10%. Hypertension is often called the “silent killer” because it usually has no obvious symptoms.

Early diagnosis of PA is crucial, as it is associated with higher cardiovascular morbidity and mortality compared to age- and sex-matched patients with essential hypertension. The good news is that specific and effective treatments are available.

Key Facts

• 10–30% of patients with hypertension have resistant hypertension
• 10–20% of patients with resistant hypertension (Res-HTN) have primary aldosteronism (PA), also known as Conn’s syndrome
• Multiple studies have confirmed that the aldosterone-to-direct renin ratio (ADRR) is the most reliable screening test for PA

High-Risk Groups Include Patients With:

• Hypertension and adrenal incidentaloma
• All hypertensive first-degree relatives of patients diagnosed with PA
• Hypertension with a family history of early-onset hypertension or cerebrovascular accident at a young age (<40 years)
• Hypertension resistant to three conventional antihypertensive drugs (including a diuretic), or blood pressure controlled only with four or more antihypertensive drugs
• Sustained blood pressure >150/100 mmHg on three separate measurements taken on different days